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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

1. 1mm/LAN.` WOOD TURNING LATHE. No. 444,457. Patented Jan. 13,1891.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

P NEWMAN Woon TURNING LATHB;

Patented Jan. 13.1891.

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(No Model.)

P NEWMAN Woon TURNING LATER lllllllllI-I,

No. 444,457. Patented Jan. 13, 1891.

` UNITED I, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER NEVMAN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO' GEORGE MASSONNE, OF SAME PLACE.

WOOD-TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,457', dated January 13, 1891.

Application filed May 8, 1890. Serial No. 351,011. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, PETER NEWMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of 5 Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in rood Turning Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in ornamental wood turning and nishing maio chines or lathes.

Special back knife lathes, designated gage-lathes, have been used to turn ornamental posts, columns, ttc. This class of wood-turning lathe has been found to be ob- I5 jectionable in use, for the reason that the knife or cutting-tool with which said lathes are provided is expensive to maintain in repair, it being formed like the contour of the ornamental column to be turned, which form 2o must be preserved in the operation of grinding and sharpening; also, a special knife must be provided for each and every different design of contour of column; also, those classes of columns or rails having portions of 2 5 their length prismatic (particularlyk those having such a form at or near the middle of their lengths, as stair-balusters) cannot be formed on such a machine.

The object ot my invention is to overcome 3o these aforementioned objections, and also to provide a simple, durable, and cheap machine; also, means for turning rosettes or other similar ornaments; also, means for adjusting the roughing-tool to any desirable angle. I at- 3 5 tain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying' drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the con- 40 tour former or gage. Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation through the line A B. (See Fig.' 1.) Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the cutterhead. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the same through the line C l). (See Fig. G is 45 also a cross-section of the same through the line E F. (See Fig. 4.) Fig. '7 is an enlarged end view of the tail-stock looking in the direction of the arrow. (See Fig. 1.) Fig. S is a detail plan view of the rose-bit holder. Fig. 5o 9 is an end elevation of the machine, showing the supporting-bars of the vcutter-head and the manner of adjusting the same. Fig. 10 is a part plan detail view of the removable ways, showing the manner of securing the same to the main frame. Fig. 1l is a detail 55 section of the main frame through the lines G H, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) and Fig. l2 is a perspective view of a column turned by this machine. f

In the accompanying drawings similar num- 6 bers and letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several views, in which- 1 designates the main frame.

2 is the head-stock, of the usual form used On wood-turning lathes, removably secured to 65 the end bracket 3 by the bolt 4, said bracket being secured to the frame 1 by the bolts 5. (See Fig. 9.)

6 designates the stepped or cone pulley, of the usual form, and 7 is the rotating center 7o bit. (See Fig. 3.)

9 designates the tail-stock, also of the usual form and adjustably secured to the tailbracket 10 by the bolts 11, said bracket being secured to themain frame 1 by bolts, as 5. 75 (See Fig. 9.)

13 and 14: designate suitable parallel ways or bars removably secured to the frame 1 by the countersuuk bolts 15.

16 designates the'center raising and lower- So ing table, having its ends 17 and 13 V-formed to neatly fit and slide on the correspondinglyformed ways 19 and 20.

21 are suitable set-screws for regulating the pressure of the key 22 on the said ways 19 and 8 5 20. (See Fig. 1l.)

23 and 21 designate the raising and lowering screws of the center table screwed into the threaded nuts 25 and 2G, said nuts secured to the said table by suitable bolts, said screws 9o having their ends 27 and 28 journaled in the bearings 29 and 30, formed integral with the frame 1.

31 designates the screw operating shaft, journaled in the bearings 32 and 33, formed 95 on the frame 1, and provided with the bevelwheels 34 and 35, firmly secured thereon by the set-screws 36 or other suitable device. Said bevel-wheels meshing with the bevel-wheels 37 and 3S, secured on the screws 23 and 24, roo

constitute the raising and lowering mecha ism of the table.

i539 is a suitable handavheel iirmly secured on the shaft'y 31 for operating the same.

40 designates the iront transverse sliding table, having its ends adapted to neatly tit and to slide in thc V-ways 4l and 12, the formcr way l1 being formed integral with the central table, and the latter 12 is adjustably secured to the said table by the setsercws 13 for the purpose of taking up the wear. On the bottom and near the ends of the table 40 are formed the racks il and meshing with the pinions 11i, secured on the shaft 1S, said shaft journaled at its ends in suitable bearings 49 and 50, formed on the center table and integral therewith', said shaft provided with a suitable hand-wheel 5l, firmly secured thereon for the purpose of operating the table.

52 designates the iinishing-bit rest, firmly and removably secured to the transverse table 10 by the bolts 51 is a finishing-bit removably secured to the arm 55 by the bolt 5b, said arm jointed to the rest 52 and adjustably and removably sceured thereto by the binding-bolt 57.

5S designates the back transverse sliding table, also having its ends adapted to slide and neatly lit the before-mentioned V-ways 41 and 42 of the raising and lowering table 1G. To the bottom of the table 58 is secured the threaded boss 59 by the bolts GO, said boss 59 adapted to receive the transverse screw G1, said screw journalediu the bearing G2, formed in the table 1G, and provided with tllie iiainl\vlieel G3 for rotating the same manua ly.

tit designates the stead ying-rest, removably secured to the table 5S by the bolts G5, said rest chambered to receive the post G6 and provided with the set-screw G7 for clamping the said post when set to any desirable height. Ou the post 6b' is formed the head G8, having the rectangular opening 09, adapted to re ceive the rest 70, and provided with the setsercw 7l for adjusting the same.

TS and 79 designate the primary formingbits, secured to the holder S0 by the clamp 81 and the clamp-bolt 82.

On the sides ot' the holder SO are formed the Vs S3 and 81, said Vs neatly fitting and adapted to slide in V-way 85, formed integral with the holder-frame SG, and the adjustable V-way S7, adj ustably and removably secured by the setscrevvs 8S.

S9 designates the feed-screw, screwed into the boss 90, formed integral with the toolholder S6 and journaled in the bearings 91, formed integral with the l1older-frame and provided with the manual operating-handle 92, secured firmly to the end thereof.

93 designates the knife-edge of the toolholder, adj nstably and removably secured to the holderframe S6 by the bolts 91 and 95, said knife-edge adapted to contact with the irregular prole ofthe former 96, and is maintained in its relative position by the guiderod 97, said rod embraced by and neatly titting the holes formed in the lugs 9S and 99, integral with the frame 8f3.

10() designates the former-supporting bars, adj ustably an d removably secu red tothe lugs 101 and 102 by the bolts 103 and 104, (said lugs may be either formed integral with the `trame or removably secured thereto,) and said supporting-bars having their formerholder 105 secured thereto by the bolts 196.

To the ends oi the guide-rod 97 are secured the adjusting-bars 107, said bars held in their approximate vertical position by the upper radial bars 10S, pivotal] y secured thereto by the bolts 109 and to the former supporting bars by the bolts 1.10. Said adjusting-bars, having their bottom ends provided with the slots 111, are adjustably secured to the arms 112 by the clam ping-bolts 113, said arms iirmly secured to the frame 1 by thc bolts 114. (See Fig. 9.)

115 designates the rose-cutter bit, secured to its holder 11G by the cap-bolts 117, said holder having the V-bearings 11.8 formed thereon and adapted to neatly iit and slide in the V-ways 119, formed integral with the holder-guide 120 and the V-ways 121, removably and adj ustablyseeured to the Said holderguide, the latter guide being removably and vertically adj ustably secured to the tail-stoek 9, hereinbefore described.

To the holder 120 is secured the lever-stud 122, adapted to neatly fit the slot 123, formed in the operatinglever 12%, said level' fulcrumed to the tail-stock 9 by the fulcrumbolt 125.

1.26 designates the usual conecentering device provided with the integral supportingarms 127, removably secured to the. slide-rods 12S by suitable clamping-nuts 129, said sliding rods adapted to slide longitudinally backward and forward in suitable ways or holes formed in the l1ead-stoek 2, and having their opposite or free ends rigidlyconneeted by the bar 130 and the clamping-nuts 129.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The wood to be turned (whether rectangular or polygonal in form) is flrst centered on the machine, one end of which isset in and against the eentering'cone 126, while the other end is centered on the center 9n of the tail-stock 9. The tail-stock hand-wheel 9h is rotated till the end of the wood to be turned is forced against lthe rotating center bit of the head-stock 2. The roughing-bit, its holder 80, and frame SG are previously moved to either of the extreme ends of the slide-bar 97, on which it is pivoted. The pulley 6, being rotated by a driving-belt at the required speed and in the usual way, produces a like rotation to its attachments and the center bit 7 attached thereto and the wood to be turned contacting therewith. Having adjusted either of the roughing-bits 7S and 79 in their holder 8O and set the contour-former 96 in its relative position to the holder-frame `knife 93, the operator embraces the handle S6 to move frame 86 along its IIO guides, care at the same time being taken to keep the knife-edge thereof in close contact with the said contour-former 96, thus forming the wood to the desired pattern-that is, to the contour of the former used. Itis obvious that the V-cuts, as at a, (see Fig. 12,) cannot be formed by the usual half-round tool. This inishing operation I perform by the speciallyformed bits or cutters 54, which are pivoted in the mannerhereinbefore described and secured to the supporting-table 40, and are raised up or down by the operating-wheel 39 and backward and forward by the manual wheel 63, as hereinbefore described.

From the foregoing it is clear that the wood to be operated upon can be inserted into and removed from the lathe without stopping the rotation of the rotating center.

In the drawings, for the sake o f cleat-ness, I show only one of the finishing-tools and its holder; but it is obvious that for such a column as that shown in Fig. 12 live such finishing-tools would be required to be used. It is also obvious in this class of lathe that the vcutters 78 and 79, owing to the raised portions of the former 96, will readily turn such a colulnn as shown in Eig. 12 without permitting the tool to touch the corners of the rectangular parts b, c, and d.

Then it is necessary to turn a rosette or such other ornamentsas are formed from the iat surfaces of rectangular wood blocks, I center the block inthe usual way on the head-stock center, move the tail-stock along the way to a convenient working distance from the head-stock, and irmly secure the said tail-stock thereto. All that is required to be done is to slide the rosette-bit 115 by means of its operating-lever 124 until the said bit contacts with the wood to be turned, which having been finished or completely cut, the said bit is slid back or withdrawn and the work removed from the center.

I am aware that previous to my invention gage -lathes having formers or gages whereby the cutting-tools have been guided to suit the contour of the required design have been used. This I do not claim, broadly, as my invention; but

What I do claim, and desire to cover by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. In a wood-turninglathe, the combination, with the pivotal tool, its guide, and contourformer, of the vertically-adjustable contourformer supporter, suitable outer adjustable guide-supporting bars, upper swinging arms pivoted to the said contour-former and guidesupporting bars at or near their summits, and suitable bottom supporting-arms extending from the frame of the lathe and whereto the said guide-supporting, bars are adj ustably secured, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a wood-turning-lathe, the combination, with the pivotal tool, its guide, and contourformer, of the vertical adjustable contourformer supporters, suitable outer adjustable guide-supporting bars, upper swinging arms pivoted to the said contour-former and guidesupporting bars at or near their summits, suitable bottom supporting-arms extending from the frame of the lathe and whereto the said guide-supporting bars are adjustably secured at the outer ends of said arms, and suitable means whereby the bars may be moved independently, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a wood-turninglathe, the combination, with a suitable linishing-bit 54 and the arm 55, whereto said bit is secured, of the supporting-standards 52,whereto the said arm is pivoted, thev table 16, the screw-threaded standards 23 and 24, and the sliding table 40, whereby the said tool is moved backward and forward and upwardly and downwardly while the machine is in lnotion, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a wood-turning lathe, the post 66, and st eadying-rest 64, chambered to receive the said post whereon the head 68 is formed, with the rectangular opening 69, in combination with the table 5S, clamping-screw 67, setscrew 7l, and the rest 70, located in the said rectangular opening, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PETER NEWMAN.

Witnesses:

T. R. BELL, GEORGE MAssoNNE. 

